امرأة عمرها ٦٠ سنة، مدخنة سابقة، في اليوم الأول بعد جراحة كبيرة في البطن. تتنفس بشكل سطحي بسبب الألم، والتشبع ٩٣٪، وأصوات التنفس ضعيفة في القاعدتين. يُطلب منها استخدام جهاز التنفس التحفيزي. أي تعليمات صحيحة؟

A 60-year-old former smoker is on day 1 after major abdominal surgery. She breathes shallowly because of pain; SpO2 93% and breath sounds are reduced at both bases. She is asked to use an incentive spirometer. Which instructions are correct?

1. Blow out hard and fast into it ten times a day
2. Slow deep breaths in with a brief hold, ten times an hour
3. Inhale very fast to send the ball to the top once
4. Use it only if fever or cough develops

Answer: B) Slow deep breaths in with a brief hold, ten times an hour. Incentive spirometry encourages slow deep inspiration to open alveoli and prevent atelectasis and pneumonia. It is used regularly while awake, splinting the wound with a pillow to cough.