مريض بعد استئصال الحنجرة الكامل لسرطان الحنجرة. أي معلومة صحيحة عن تنفسه؟

After total laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer, which statement about the client’s breathing is correct?

1. He breathes through mouth and nose as usual; the stoma is a backup
2. The stoma can be covered with a dressing during sleep
3. In an emergency oxygen is given with a normal face mask
4. He breathes only through the neck stoma and cannot be ventilated via mouth or nose

Answer: D) He breathes only through the neck stoma and cannot be ventilated via mouth or nose. After total laryngectomy the trachea is separated from the mouth and nose, so breathing is only via the permanent stoma. In emergencies oxygen and ventilation go through the stoma, and it is protected from water when showering.