مريض منبب مشوش يحاول نزع الأنبوب. ما أول تدخل غير دوائي مناسب؟

A confused intubated client is trying to pull out his tube. What is the most appropriate first non-drug action?

1. Increase sedation to the highest possible dose
2. Reorient and reassure him and assess the cause of agitation
3. Tie his hands tightly at once without assessment
4. Ask the family to leave because they cause stress

Answer: B) Reorient and reassure him and assess the cause of agitation. First look for causes of agitation: pain, hypoxia, urinary retention, delirium. Reorientation, reassurance and family presence can help. Restraints are a last resort, ordered and monitored per policy.